Introduction

A Smart Health Monitoring System is an IoT-based healthcare solution that continuously monitors vital health parameters such as body temperature, heart rate, and blood oxygen level (SpO₂). The collected data is transmitted to a cloud platform where doctors or caregivers can monitor a patient’s health remotely.

This system plays a crucial role in telemedicine, elderly care, and remote patient monitoring, reducing the need for frequent hospital visits.

---

Objective of the Project

• To monitor vital health parameters in real time
• To send patient health data to cloud dashboards
• To provide early alerts in case of abnormal readings
• To enable remote healthcare monitoring using IoT

---

Working Principle

The system uses biomedical sensors to measure health parameters and sends the data to a cloud server using an IoT-enabled microcontroller.

Step-by-Step Working

1. Heart rate & SpO₂ sensor (MAX30100 / MAX30102) measures pulse rate and oxygen level
2. Temperature sensor (LM35 / DS18B20) measures body temperature
3. ESP32 / ESP8266 reads sensor data
4. Data is transmitted via Wi-Fi to an IoT platform
5. Alerts are generated if values exceed safe limits

---

Components Required

• ESP32 / ESP8266
• MAX30100 / MAX30102 Pulse & SpO₂ Sensor
• LM35 / DS18B20 Temperature Sensor
• OLED Display (optional)
• Buzzer (alert system)
• Jumper Wires
• Breadboard / PCB
• IoT Platform (Blynk / ThingSpeak / Firebase)

---

Block Diagram

Health Sensors
(Heart Rate, SpO₂, Temperature)
          ↓
      ESP32
          ↓
  Wi-Fi Communication
          ↓
    IoT Cloud Platform
          ↓
   Mobile App / Dashboard

---

Circuit Connections

MAX30102 (I2C)

VIN → 3.3V
GND → GND
SCL → GPIO22
SDA → GPIO21

LM35 Temperature Sensor

VCC → 5V
GND → GND
OUT → GPIO34

Buzzer

+ → GPIO26
- → GND

---

Arduino Code (ESP32 – Health Monitoring)

#include <Wire.h>
#include "MAX30105.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "ThingSpeak.h"

MAX30105 particleSensor;

#define TEMP_PIN 34
#define BUZZER_PIN 26

const char* ssid = "Your_WiFi";
const char* password = "Your_Password";
WiFiClient client;

unsigned long channelID = 123456;
const char* writeAPIKey = "YOUR_API_KEY";

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
  }

  ThingSpeak.begin(client);

  if (!particleSensor.begin(Wire, I2C_SPEED_FAST)) {
    Serial.println("MAX30102 not found");
    while (1);
  }
  particleSensor.setup();
}

void loop() {
  int rawTemp = analogRead(TEMP_PIN);
  float temperature = (rawTemp * 3.3 / 4095) * 100;

  long irValue = particleSensor.getIR();

  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.println(temperature);
  Serial.print("Pulse IR: ");
  Serial.println(irValue);

  if (temperature > 38) {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
  } else {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
  }

  ThingSpeak.setField(1, temperature);
  ThingSpeak.setField(2, irValue);
  ThingSpeak.writeFields(channelID, writeAPIKey);

  delay(20000);
}

---

Code Explanation

• MAX30102 measures pulse and oxygen level
• LM35 measures body temperature
• ESP32 sends data to ThingSpeak IoT platform
• Buzzer activates if temperature exceeds safe limits

---

Advantages

• Continuous real-time health monitoring
• Reduces need for hospital visits
• Early detection of health issues
• Low-cost and scalable healthcare solution

---

Applications

• Remote patient monitoring
• Elderly care systems
• Hospital health tracking
• Fitness and wellness monitoring

---

Future Enhancements

• Add ECG and blood pressure sensors
• Integrate AI for disease prediction
• Mobile app alerts and notifications
• Secure cloud-based health records

---

Conclusion

The Smart Health Monitoring System is a powerful IoT project that enhances healthcare by enabling real-time, remote monitoring of vital parameters. It improves patient safety, reduces healthcare costs, and supports modern telemedicine solutions.