Introduction

The Smart Safety Jacket is a wearable safety system designed to protect workers, riders, and pedestrians by providing real-time safety alerts and emergency assistance.

This jacket integrates sensors, microcontrollers, and IoT technology to detect accidents, gas leakage, unsafe conditions, and location information, making it a smart personal safety solution.

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Objectives of the Project

• To enhance personal safety using smart wearable technology
• To detect accidents and hazardous conditions automatically
• To send emergency alerts with location details
• To reduce response time during emergencies
• To provide real-time safety monitoring

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Working Principle

1. Sensors embedded in the jacket continuously monitor conditions
2. Impact / vibration sensor detects accidents or falls
3. Gas sensor detects harmful gases (industrial use)
4. Temperature sensor detects abnormal heat
5. Microcontroller processes sensor data
6. On detecting danger, alerts are generated
7. Location and alert data are sent to emergency contacts using GSM/GPS or IoT

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Components Required

• ESP32 / Arduino Uno
• Vibration / Impact Sensor
• Gas Sensor (MQ series)
• Temperature Sensor (DHT11 / LM35)
• GPS Module
• GSM Module / Wi-Fi Module
• Buzzer
• LED Indicators
• Battery (Rechargeable)
• Connecting wires

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Block Diagram

Impact / Gas / Temperature Sensors
                ↓
        Microcontroller (ESP32)
                ↓
       Alert Decision Logic
                ↓
        Buzzer + LEDs
                ↓
      GPS + GSM / IoT Module
                ↓
     Emergency Contacts / App

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Circuit Connections (Arduino Example)

Vibration Sensor

VCC → 5V
GND → GND
OUT → D2

Gas Sensor (MQ-2)

VCC → 5V
GND → GND
AO  → A0

Temperature Sensor (LM35)

VCC → 5V
GND → GND
OUT → A1

Buzzer

+ → D8
- → GND

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Arduino Code (Smart Safety Jacket – Demo)

#define VIB_SENSOR 2
#define GAS_SENSOR A0
#define TEMP_SENSOR A1
#define BUZZER 8

void setup() {
  pinMode(VIB_SENSOR, INPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int vibration = digitalRead(VIB_SENSOR);
  int gasValue = analogRead(GAS_SENSOR);
  int tempValue = analogRead(TEMP_SENSOR);

  float temperature = (tempValue * 5.0 * 100.0) / 1024;

  if (vibration == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Accident Detected!");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
    delay(500);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
  }

  if (gasValue > 400) {
    Serial.println("Gas Leakage Detected!");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
  }

  if (temperature > 45) {
    Serial.println("High Temperature Alert!");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
  }

  delay(1000);
}

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Code Explanation

• Vibration sensor detects sudden impacts
• Gas sensor detects harmful gases
• Temperature sensor monitors heat
• Buzzer alerts user immediately
• GPS/GSM can send emergency messages

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Advantages

• Improves personal and industrial safety
• Real-time accident detection
• Emergency alert with location
• Low-cost and portable
• Scalable for various safety needs

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Applications

• Construction site workers
• Industrial safety wear
• Two-wheeler riders
• Firefighters and rescue teams
• Mining workers

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Future Enhancements

• Fall detection using accelerometer
• Mobile app integration
• Heart rate monitoring
• AI-based accident prediction
• Solar-powered jacket

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Conclusion

The Smart Safety Jacket is an innovative wearable safety solution that uses IoT and sensor technology to reduce accidents and improve emergency response. It is a perfect project for smart safety, innovation challenges, and real-world applications.