Introduction

An Automatic Hand Sanitizer is a touchless hygiene system that dispenses sanitizer automatically when it detects a hand near the dispenser. This system helps reduce the spread of germs and infections by eliminating physical contact.

It is widely used in hospitals, offices, schools, malls, and public places.

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Objective of the Project

The main objectives of this project are:

• To provide touch-free sanitizer dispensing.
• To improve hygiene and safety.
• To reduce germ transmission.
• To understand sensor-based automation.

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Working Principle

The Automatic Hand Sanitizer works using proximity sensing.

Step-by-Step Working

1. An IR sensor or ultrasonic sensor continuously monitors the area.
2. When a hand comes near the sensor, it detects the presence.
3. Arduino processes the sensor signal.
4. Arduino activates a relay or motor driver.
5. The DC pump motor dispenses sanitizer for a fixed duration.
6. The motor stops automatically.

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Components Required

• Arduino Uno
• IR Sensor / Ultrasonic Sensor
• Relay Module / Transistor
• DC Pump Motor
• Diode (1N4007)
• Jumper Wires
• Power Supply (5V–12V)
• Sanitizer Bottle

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Circuit Diagram

Connections

IR Sensor:
VCC  -> 5V
GND  -> GND
OUT  -> D2

Relay Module:
IN   -> D8
VCC  -> 5V
GND  -> GND

Pump Motor:
Connected to Relay Output

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Arduino Code for Automatic Hand Sanitizer

int sensorPin = 2;
int relayPin = 8;

void setup() {
  pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  if (digitalRead(sensorPin) == HIGH) {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Pump ON
    delay(1000);                  // Dispense time
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);  // Pump OFF
    delay(2000);                  // Delay before next use
  }
}

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Code Explanation

• IR sensor detects the hand.
• Arduino activates relay for 1 second.
• Pump dispenses sanitizer.
• Delay prevents continuous operation.

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Advantages

• Touch-free operation
• Improves hygiene
• Reduces spread of infection
• Easy to install

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Applications

• Hospitals
• Schools and colleges
• Offices
• Public places
• Smart homes

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Future Enhancements

• Automatic refill alert
• IoT monitoring
• Adjustable dispense amount
• Solar-powered operation

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Conclusion

The Automatic Hand Sanitizer project is a simple yet highly useful automation system that promotes hygiene and safety. It demonstrates real-world application of sensors, microcontrollers, and motor control, making it an ideal intermediate-level electronics project