Introduction

The Smart Home Security System is an IoT-based intelligent security solution designed to protect homes from unauthorized access, theft, and intrusions.

Using sensors, microcontrollers, and internet connectivity, the system provides real-time monitoring, instant alerts, and remote access, making home security smarter and more reliable.

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Objectives of the Project

• To detect unauthorized entry into the home
• To provide real-time alerts to homeowners
• To enable remote monitoring using a mobile app
• To reduce dependency on traditional security systems
• To improve overall home safety

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Working Principle

1. Motion and door sensors continuously monitor the home
2. When an intruder is detected, the system triggers an alarm
3. A camera module captures images or video (optional)
4. Microcontroller processes the event
5. Alert notifications are sent to the user via Wi-Fi/GSM
6. The user can monitor and control the system remotely

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Components Required

• ESP32 / ESP8266 / Arduino
• PIR Motion Sensor
• Magnetic Door Sensor
• Camera Module (ESP32-CAM – optional)
• Buzzer / Siren
• LED Indicators
• Wi-Fi Module / GSM Module
• Power Supply
• Jumper wires

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Block Diagram

Motion / Door Sensors
        ↓
Microcontroller (ESP32)
        ↓
Intrusion Detection Logic
        ↓
Buzzer / Alarm
        ↓
Camera Capture (Optional)
        ↓
Wi-Fi / GSM Module
        ↓
Mobile App / User Alerts

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Circuit Connections (Arduino Example)

PIR Motion Sensor

VCC → 5V
GND → GND
OUT → D2

Magnetic Door Sensor

One End → D3
Other End → GND

Buzzer

+ → D8
- → GND

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Arduino Code (Smart Home Security – Demo)

#define PIR_SENSOR 2
#define DOOR_SENSOR 3
#define BUZZER 8

void setup() {
  pinMode(PIR_SENSOR, INPUT);
  pinMode(DOOR_SENSOR, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int motion = digitalRead(PIR_SENSOR);
  int door = digitalRead(DOOR_SENSOR);

  if (motion == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Motion Detected! Intruder Alert!");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
    delay(500);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
  }

  if (door == LOW) {
    Serial.println("Door Opened! Security Breach!");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
    delay(500);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
  }

  delay(300);
}

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Code Explanation

• PIR sensor detects human movement
• Door sensor detects forced entry
• Buzzer provides instant alert
• Serial messages can be replaced by IoT notifications
• Camera module can capture evidence

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Advantages

• Real-time intrusion detection
• Remote monitoring and alerts
• Low-cost and scalable
• Easy installation
• Enhanced home safety

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Applications

• Residential homes
• Apartments and villas
• Offices and shops
• Warehouses
• Smart buildings

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Future Enhancements

• Face recognition-based access
• Mobile app with live camera feed
• Cloud-based data storage
• Voice-controlled security system
• AI-based threat detection

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Conclusion

The Smart Home Security System is a reliable, efficient, and intelligent security solution that leverages IoT and automation to protect homes. It is an excellent project for smart home innovation, IoT learning, and real-world applications.